Quick Guide: Sequential multiple analyzer (SMA-6, 12, 20) Blood Test
What it is: SMA (sequential multiple analyzer, e.g. SMA-6, 12, or 20) is an older name for an automated blood chemistry panel — the number reflects how many substances the analyzer measured at once, similar to today's basic or comprehensive metabolic panel.
Why it's ordered: Historically ordered as a general health screening tool or to monitor existing conditions affecting the liver, kidneys, heart, muscles, or bones, in a single automated blood run.
What it detects: Depending on the panel size, an SMA can include glucose, kidney markers (BUN, creatinine), electrolytes (calcium, phosphorus), protein markers (total protein, albumin, globulin), cholesterol, liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin), and muscle markers (LDH, CK) — giving a broad snapshot across several organ systems.
Collection & prep: A standard blood draw from a vein in the arm. Fasting for 8–12 hours may be requested depending on which components are included.
Results:
Abnormal individual values – point toward a specific organ system (liver, kidney, heart, muscle, or bone) needing further evaluation
All values normal – no broad metabolic abnormality detected at the time of testing
Possible complications: As a broad screening panel, an SMA doesn't diagnose a specific condition on its own; abnormal individual components are typically followed up with more targeted testing.
Statements made in the Clinical Manual have not been evaluated by the FDA. The products mentioned are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
