What it is: A sodium blood test measures the level of sodium, the main electrolyte controlling fluid balance outside the body's cells, in the blood.
Why it's ordered: Ordered as part of an electrolyte or metabolic panel to evaluate dehydration, fluid overload, or symptoms like confusion, seizures, or unexplained fatigue.
What it detects: Sodium levels reflect the balance between water and salt in the body rather than salt intake alone; abnormal levels can point to kidney disease, hormonal imbalances, or excessive fluid loss or intake.
Collection & prep: A standard blood draw from a vein in the arm, usually as part of a broader metabolic panel. No special preparation is typically required.
Results:
High (hypernatremia) – usually reflects dehydration or excess free water loss
Low (hyponatremia) – can reflect excess fluid retention, certain medications, or hormonal conditions
Normal – fluid balance appears stable
Possible complications of a sodium imbalance: Rapid or severe sodium shifts can cause confusion, seizures, or brain swelling, which is why very abnormal levels are corrected gradually and under medical supervision rather than all at once.
Statements made in the Clinical Manual have not been evaluated by the FDA. The products mentioned are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
